Nadia Hojeij

The inverted red triangle is a symbol showing support for Hamas and Palestinian terrorism. It was first used by Hamas during the October 7, 2023, Hamas terror attacks to signify an Israeli target.

After the Hamas terror attacks of October 7, 2023, the watermelon quickly gained popularity among anti-Israel activists as a symbol of support for "resistance" against Israel. The four colors of a watermelon match the colors of the Palestinian flag. It has been depicted in art, used on flags at protests and posted as emojis online.

Among Palestinians and anti-Israel activists, the term “resistance” is a euphemism for nationalistic terror and is used to glorify and encourage anti-Israel and antisemitic violence.

The Axis of Resistance is a coalition of Iran-backed terrorists and militias in the Middle East created in the 1980s. This network of proxies include Hamas, Hezbollah, the Houthis and Shiite militias in Iraq and Syria. They have murdered hundreds of U.S. soldiers, carried out the October 7, 2023 attacks, held up Syria's Assad regime, and executed many terror attacks in the region on behalf of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Ismail Haniyeh served as the senior leader of Hamas for 18 years, during which Hamas increased rocket barrages against Israel and built terror tunnels. Haniyeh was assassinated in Iran on July 31, 2024, in the wake of the October 7, 2023, Hamas atrocities.

Yahya (Yehiya) Sinwar masterminded the October 7, 2023 terror attacks on Israel. While serving four life sentences in Israel, he was released to Gaza following the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange deal. On October 17, 2024, the Israel Defense Forces eliminated Sinwar in Gaza.

On February 28, 2026, the U.S. and Israel preemptively attacked Iran to prevent it from developing nuclear weapons and from expanding its missile capabilities, and to destroy its navy and other security infrastructure. The ensuing conflict lasted 38 days, ending with a ceasefire on April 8, 2026. During that time, Iran fired approximately 650 ballistic missiles at Israel, killing 28 Israeli civilians and foreign nationals and injuring close to 7,800 Israelis.

Anti-Israel activists compare Israel to Nazi Germany to insinuate that the plight of Palestinians has eclipsed Jewish suffering during the Holocaust.

The International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) highlights as one possible contemporary example of anti-Semitism: “Drawing comparisons of contemporary Israeli policy to that of the Nazis.” The U.S. State Department adopted the IHRA’s working definition of anti-Semitism in 2016. Over 40 countries have adopted the definition as well.

Popular antisemitic conspiracy theories claim Jews control the world’s finance, media and governments. Some will use the term “Zionists” as a euphemism for “Jews” to express supposed Jewish global power.

Zionism is the belief that Jews have the right to self-determination in their own national home, and the right to develop their national culture. Zionism is a core part of the identity of most Jews.

For years before the 2023-2025 war, pro-terror activists routinely accused Israel of "genocide." On October 8, 2023, they continued using this "blood libel" to try to normalize it. They redefined the term, inflated death tolls, dismissed Israeli aid efforts and used Hamas data counting dead combatants among civilian and natural deaths. They also ignored Hamas war crimes meant to increase deaths which fed more online propaganda.

One way anti-Israel activists spread antisemitism is to deny Jewish history and religious rights to the Land of Israel in order to portray Jews as foreign to the land. They do this to delegitimize restored Jewish sovereignty and terms they use include accusing Israel of "colonialism" and "imperialism."

“Free Palestine!” is a chant used to call for Israel's destruction, acting as a shorter version of "From the River to the Sea, Palestine will be free!" It was shouted during multiple deadly attacks on pro-Israel activists in 2025 in America. It has been used to vandalize synagogues and other Jewish buildings, and has been described as a "battle cry for the death of Jews.”

Referring to Gaza as an “open-air prison” is a way to delegitimize the UN-approved [pp. 39–41] joint Israeli-Egyptian blockade of the Gaza Strip imposed in 2011 to prevent Hamas from acquiring more sophisticated rockets. Following Hamas’ October 7, 2023 attack on Israel, the Israeli military discovered that Hamas went around the blockade by smuggling weaponry through tunnels under the Philadelphi corridor separating Gaza from Egypt.

On June 13, 2025, Israel attacked Iran's nuclear facilities after Israeli intelligence stated Iran was "within 15 days" of creating a nuclear bomb.

Israel conducted over 1,500 airstrikes in 12 days, destroying or damaging Iran's nuclear, military and ballistic missile infrastructure. Israel eliminated 11 nuclear scientists, over 30 senior military commanders and hundreds of IRGC members. The war was officially called "Operation Rising Lion."

Iran retaliated with 1,600 missiles and drones, of which Israel intercepted over 95 percent. Iran targeted military sites, civilian apartment buildings and a hospital. 28 Israelis were killed and 3,343 injured.

On June 22, 2025, the U.S. bombed five Iranian nuclear sites with bunker-buster bombs and cruise missiles, then brokered a June 24, 2025 ceasefire.

Nearly 200 anti-Israel college encampments were set up in North America in spring 2024. Activists harassed Jews with antisemitic slurs, expressed their support [00:02:45] for Hamas terrorism and called [00:04:45] for Israel's destruction. They blocked Jews from campus facilities and limited access to those with special wristbands or who said they weren't a Zionist.

The May 2024 and August 2025 People's Conference for Palestine (PCP) brought together several convicted terrorists or their spouses, dozens of anti-American and anti-Israel organizations and agitators, and thousands of activists in Detroit, Michigan.

They gathered under the backdrop of Israel's war against the Hamas terror group in Gaza, which Israel launched after 1,200 Israelis were murdered during the Hamas terror attacks of October 7, 2023.

They also gathered under the banner: "Gaza is the compass!...Zionism and imperialism [the U.S.] are waging a continuous genocide on Gaza, and we, the people of the world, will fight at every turn to reject it."

The Palestinian Youth Movement (PYM) was the driver behind both conferences. PYM declared regarding the 2024 conference that "Palestinian prisoners are the compass of our struggle," a show of support for terrorists in Israeli jail. PYM's 2025 conference theme: “Gaza is the Compass.”

Democratic Socialists of America (DSA) sent a contingent to the 2024 conference, and they formally endorsed the 2025 conference.

The 2024 The People's Conference openly declared its goal to dismantle American and Israeli power structures, using the event as "an opportunity for us as a movement to develop...our people's right to resist the relationship between U.S. imperialism and Zionism...allow[ing] us to chart a path forward of resistance and struggle within the belly of the beast...to consolidate and concretize what our resistance will look like." Speeches and workshops also focused on tactics for mass mobilization to dismantle of the pro-Israel network.

The terms "empire" and "belly of the beast" are both euphemisms that anti-American activists use to describe the U.S. The term “resistance” is used as a euphemism for nationalistic terror.

The keynote speaker at the 2024 conference was the wife of Walid Daqqah, a terrorist with the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). He was convicted of kidnapping and killing an Israeli soldier four decades earlier and the PFLP is a communist terror group designated by the U.S. State Department as a foreign terror organization.

Other speakers at the 2024 conference included U.S. Congresswoman Rashida Tlaib of Michigan, American Muslims for Palestine (AMP) executive Taher Herzallah, and Mohammed Nabulsi, 2024 conference co-organizer and PYM activist.

The 2025 People’s Conference for Palestine also united participants with U.S.-based extremist organizations, designated terrorist affiliates and communist groups, all with the goal of coordinating strategies for confronting Zionism and U.S. “imperialism.” The event was co-organized by several anti-American and anti-Israel organizations in addition to PYM.

Speakers for the 2025 conference included two terrorists released from Israeli prisons, as well as anti-Israel political figures Linda Sarsour and pro-Hamas activist Mahmoud Khalil, and Congresswoman Rashida Tlaib.

Both conferences were held in support of the Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) movement.

On October 7, 2023, Hamas murdered approximately 1,200 Israelis, kidnapped 251 and wounded thousands. War crimes included various systematic sexual crimes like gang rape and genital mutilation. Men and women were violated, even after being murdered. Victims who survived that day, including hostages, endured forms of humiliation and torture.

Gazans working in the targeted Israeli villages provided intelligence to Hamas on which families to kill and torture, including long-time employers. Many Palestinian civilians joined in and celebrated the attacks. Hamas livestreamed their crimes on social media, including to victims’ accounts for families to see. To learn more, see the Canary Mission page on Hamas.

The Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) movement was founded by pro-terror activist Omar Barghouti in 2005 to turn “Israel into a pariah state, as South Africa once was.” Barghouti has also called for Israel's destruction and the BDS movement demands would result in that same goal.

BDS initiatives include calling on institutions and individuals to divest from Israeli-affiliated companies, promoting academic and cultural boycotts of Israel, and organizing anti-Israel rallies, protests and campaigns.

The movement’s most notable achievement has been infiltrating university campuses through lobbying for “BDS resolutions.” In these cases, student governments propose resolutions to boycott or divestment from Israel or Israeli-affiliated entities. BDS activity is often aggressive and disruptive. It has been noted that universities that pass BDS resolutions see a marked increase in anti-Semitic incidents and pro-terror activism on campus.